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| Insect- Infested Vegetables in Winter Under the Green Market Conditions of Sindh, Pakistan |
Abdul Ghaffar Khoso, Saeed Ahmed, Mansab Khan, Farrukh Asghar, Khalil Asghar
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Abstract:
Insect pests pose a heavy threat to vegetable crops worldwide. The study was carried out on Insect- infested vegetables in winter under the green market conditions of Sindh, Pakistan during January and February months in 2019. The objective of this study is to assess some insect pests in vegetables in winter, their identification, occurrence, and damage in winter under green market conditions. Vegetables like Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Brinjal/Eggplant (Solanum melongena), Cabbage/ Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea), Carrot (Daucas carota), Chilies (Capsicum annuum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativas), Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Lady Fingers/ Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Onion (Allium cepa), Peas (Pisum sativum), Potatoes (Solanum tubersum), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves, Sponge gourd/ Tori (Luffa aegyptiaca), Tinda Gourd (Citrullus vulgaris), Tomatoes (Lycopersican esculentum) and Turnip (Brassica rapa) were inspected from 40 vegetable vendors’ shops randomly in Hyderabad and Shahdadkot towns and infested fruits were also recorded. Various insects were damaged to vegetable fruits. This research has shown that in the cold conditions the maximum insect-infested Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) 757 leaves, Tomatoes (Lycopersican esculentum) 554 fruits, and the minimum Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) 21 fruits were recorded. These three items were infested by numerous insect pests, i.e, eggplant fruit borer, tomato fruit borer, and melon fruit flies. While in the green markets of these two cities, cabbage, carrots, green chilies, cucumbers, garlic, ginger, onions, potatoes, radishes, tinda gourd, and turnip no insect-infested fruits were found under market conditions. Compared to Hyderabad, the insect-infested vegetables in Shahdadkot are sold in bulk quantities.
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