|
|
| |
| Assessment of Cytological Atypia, AgNOR Count and p53 Protein in Epithelial Oral Mucosa Exposed to Toombak Among Sudanese Snuffers |
Abdalraheem Ali Babiker, Ahmed Elhaj, Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed, Elhadi Abdella Ahmed
|
Abstract:
Background: Toombak is known to be contain a high concentration of tobacco specific nitrose amine (TSNA), which is a potent carcinogen. Therefore, the high frequency of patients affected with oral cancer, who were mostly toombak dippers reflect the importance of the subject. In recent two decades, there are dramatic switch from histopathological to cytological and molecular methods of disease diagnosis and evaluation, and have gained importance as rapid and simple methods. Objective: The study aimed to assess the cytological atypia, argentaffin nucleolar organizer reason (AgNOR) and p53 protein in epithelial oral mucosa exposed to Toombak among Sudanese users. Methods: Descriptive prospective cross-control study was conducted on 100 individuals of toombak users. Oral mucosal smear samples were prepared and stained by PAP stain, AgNOR stain and immunocytochemistry (ICC) application use p53 as primary antibody. Results: The age of participants was ranged between 18 - 75 years with the mean of 40.94 years. Epithelial atypia was observed in 6% (6/100) of examined smears by PAP stain while the AgNOR increased in number with 31% (31/100). Furthermore, the p53 protein was positive in 3% (3/100) of participants. The controlled group showed no cellular changes. AgNOR had significant correlation within age (P value = 0.000), Toombak chewing duration /year (P value = 0.000), and Toombak chewing frequency /day. Also there was an association between cellular changes and position of Toombak dipper, mainly increased in lower lip. Conclusion: Oral exfoliative cytology is a reliable, simple non - invasive procedure that can be implemented for comprehensive oral screening program. AgNOR was more sensitive for detection of cytological changes.
|
|
|
| | |