International Journal of Academic and Applied Research (IJAAR)
  Year: 2020 | Volume: 4 | Issue: 5 | Page No.: 72-77
Selective Characterizations of Crude Glycerol Co -Product with Biodiesel from Homogenously Alkaline Catalyzed Trans-Esterification of Neem Oil.
Olabimtan Olabode .H, Benedict Odjobo, Okibe Ora. P, Yahaya Yakubu, Amupitan Martins .A & Ashraf Mahmud. R

Abstract:
Glycerol is a valuable byproduct in biodiesel production by Trans esterification reaction. The purity of glycerol obtained is low due to the presence of impurities such as residual catalyst, water, soaps, salts and esters formed during the reaction. In recent years that both purification and the transformation of glycerol into useful products have attained rising importance due to the rapid growth of the biodiesel industry. However characterization of crude glycerol is very essential to its value-added conversion. The physic-chemical characteristics of the neem oil feedstock was established in terms of acid value (33.21 mgKOH/g) ,iodine value(82.31g/mgKOH), viscosity (440500 Cp), saponification value (200.45mgKOH/g), cloud point (16oC), pour point (6.8oC) and density of 0.98g/cm3 against the standard. The high FFA esterified neem oil was Trans esterified with 1% oil weight KOH homogenous catalyst and 6:1 moles of methanol to neem oil. The crude glycerol achieved was characterized for its specific gravity (1.34), boiling point (321oC), viscosity at 25oC (1517Cp), pH (9.8), refractive index at 25oC (1.552), acid value (2.16mgKOH/g), moisture (5.40%), iodine value (50.18g/mgKOH), colour (dark brown), ash content (2.11%) and free fatty acid of 1.35mgKOH/g. In addition, the FTIR of both the crude and pure/commercial glycerol affirmed the disparities between these two samples. The yield of the crude glycerol was estimated to be 8.63% from 86.27% of biodiesel.