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| Mature Ovarian Teratoma Cancer With Epidermoid Carcinoma: A Case Study and Review of the Literature |
F. Ouakka, K.Bouras, M. K. Saoud, N. Mamouni, S. Errarhay, C. Bouchikhi, A. Banani, C. Hajjar
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Abstract:
Background: Ovarian teratomas are the most common germinal tumors (10-20%). Malignant transformation of one or more components of the teratoma is rare and occurs in 1-3% of mature cystic teratomas [1]. This cancerisation can occur in squamous cell carcinoma, which is the most common form, adenocarcinoma, or exceptionally in a sarcoma or melanoma [1]. The clinical and radiological presentations of the malignant transformation are devoid of specificity, the diagnosis is often made after definitive histological study of the surgical specimen. This poses two essential problems: that of optimal surgical treatment, which cannot be complete without knowledge of the malignant transformation. And, that of the risk of tumor dissemination, particularly during laparoscopic treatment [2].Observation: We report the case of a 60-year-old woman presenting with a pelvic mass revealing an epidermoid carcinoma occurring on a mature teratoma of the ovary having undergone radical treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion: Dermoid cysts are a rare entity in gynaecological pathology. The malignant degeneration of these cysts is much rarer and confirmation of the diagnosis remains anatomo-pathology even if CT scan would bring some evocative signs. As for the treatment, which is a major subject of discussion, it requires codification in order to allow an adapted management of this pathology.
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