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| Efficacy and Selectivity of Pendimethalin, Diuron and their Mixtures for Weed Control in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), Gezira State, Sudan |
Mashaeir O. Kh. Alfas, Mohamed S. A. Zaroug and Mohammed ElKhawad
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Abstract:
Sesame is the one of the most important oil crop in Sudan as a raw material for industry and a leading export crop. Weed infestation is one of the major factors limiting the yield of sesame. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of pendimethalin (Agrimethalin 50% EC) diuron (Easy 80%WDG), and their combinations on weed control in sesame. An experiment was carried out at Gezira Research Station Farm (GRSF), Wad Medani, Sudan. The herbicides pendimethalin at two rates (1.92 and 2.4 kg a.i./ha), diuron at two rates (0.36 and 0.48 kg a.i./ha) and their mixtures at (1.93+0.36 and 2.40+0.36 kg a.i./ha), were applied as pre-emergence. Weeded and unweeded treatments were added for comparison. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates. Pendimethalin at the rate of 1.93 kg a.i./ha gave good control of grassy weeds (71-75%) 4 and 8weeks after sowing (WAS), while the rate of 2.4 kg a.i./ha gave (87%-93%) grass weed control throughout the growing season. Diuron at the two rates tested gave 75%- 86% broadleaved weed control four weeks after sowing. The tank mixture of diuron with pendimethalin at the rate 1.93+0.36kg a.i./ha gave 81%-93% grassy weeds control and 67%-82% broadleaved weed control. Pendimethalin at 2.4 kg a.i./ha and its mixture with diuron at 2.4+0.36 kg a.i./ha reduced sesame plant population by 43% and 28%, respectively. Diuron at 0.48 kg a.i./ha and its mixture with pendimethalin at 1.93+0.36 kg a.i./ha produced significantly high seed yields, and minimized losses due to weeds by 25%-29% as compared to un weeded control (81%). Depending on the results of this study, a weed management program which includes a pre-emergence application of diuron alone or in tank mixture with pendimethalin could be recommended to obtain an early weed free period and high yield of sesame.
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