Abstract:
This article deals with the borrowing as one of the linguistic phenomena of the language. In addition, the specificity of the borrowed vocabulary from the Persian and Tajik languages, their features and functioning in the modern Uzbek language is revealed. The article studies the scientific thoughts of famous scientists, such as Ferdinand de Saussure, Mahmud Kashgari, U. Vainrah, IK Ovchinnikova and others. The initiators of comparative-historical linguistics approached to borrowed words in two ways: 1) there are different things used on a daily basis, they have been absorbed to life; 2) the great scholars regard as a mistake usage of words from other languages instead of some words which are available in native language. There are two main sources of enrichment vocabulary: the first and basic one is internal opportunities and the second one is borrowings. Inadequacy and adequacy of borrowings is related to the historical development of language. According to some information, there are some Chinese words in current the Korean language, nearly 75 %. As for current English, in this language some borrowed words play an indispensible role in forming the structure of vocabulary. These words came from the Scandinavian language and the French language. In the Urdu language there are some words borrowed from the Arabic and Persian language and the amount of them are nearly 50%. Borrowed words can be appeared small language. It can be seen that there some borrowed words which are Abhaz-adigey, Turkish, Arabian, Persian as well as Greek, Italian and French. In other language the ways and reasons of word borrowing may be various. Uzbek lexical layer was enriched with new words Persian phrases, even suffix. Initially, this kind of words was abstract for the language, but after some period the majority of them adopted.
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