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| The Role of French Spies in Preparing for the French Campaign on Egypt 1798, Analytical Study |
Mahmoud Ahmed Darwish
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Abstract:
This research deals with the preludes to the French campaign against Egypt, which are represented by two important elements: French Orientalism and its role in founding the French campaign against Egypt, and the role of French spies in preparing for the French campaign. The occupation of Egypt represented a strong desire of France despite the failure of its multiple campaigns, but its leaders were waiting for the opportunity to fulfill their hopes, and for that, they sent their messengers in the form of merchants and travelers, and their mission was to send reports that described the state of weakness and chaos that Egypt was experiencing during this period. These reports had a role in sending the campaign, as the French spies used to invade Egypt while recording their observations and reporting in the form of a project "Occupying Egypt to control the eastern trade". Among the reports that France has paid for its campaign are the Saint-Priest report: the French ambassador to Istanbul, the François Baron de Tott report, the Claude-Étienne Savary report, the Volney report, and the Charles Maurice Talleyrand report, Napoleon's report, and the report of the French community in Egypt that requested the imposition of a naval blockade and occupation of Egypt, and the report of Magloun, the French consul in Alexandria.
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