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| An Assessment of African Union's Effectiveness in Monitoring and Implementation of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) |
Abaneme, Ambrose O. & Oddih, Mike C. PhD
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Abstract:
This study is a bold attempt to examine the effectiveness of the African Union in monitoring and implementation of "Responsibility to Protect (R2P or R to P)". The paper observes that the adoption and implementation of the concept of R2P by the African Union stems from three main factors: multiplicity of internal conflicts leading to obvious humanitarian disaster, which the existing provisions of Organization of African Unity (OAU) could not contain; the resolve to imbibe the principle of African solution to Africa's problems (ASAP); and failure of the larger international community to support or undertake a genuine multilateral peacekeeping or peace enforcement in Africa in spite of the human tragedy trailing these conflicts. Being the foremost organization to incorporate the "responsibility to protect" as a legal norm in its charter (AU Constitutive Act), the AU tends to have jettisoned its earlier doctrine of non-interference in order to intervene for humanitarian protection purposes. Using the humanitarian interventions in Darfur, Libya, Burundi and Kenya conflicts, as test cases, the paper x-rays the functionality and effectiveness of R2P in stemming the tide of humanitarian tragedy, its weaknesses and limitations. The paper concludes with prognosis for effective implementation of R2P in African continent in order to prevent human carnage resulting from internal crisis, conflicts and civil wars.
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