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| Multiplex PCR Detection of Quinolones Resistance Genes (QnrA and AcrA) among Multi Drugs Resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae |
Abu Elhasan O. M, Abakar A. D, Mirghani A, Al-karsani M, M. El Imam M. , Yousif MA, Siddig SY . Dafaallah A. M, Taj-Eldin M, Taha S. M, Omer S, El Sunni W, Abuagla M. Dafalla.
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Abstract:
Background: Quinolones are group of massively used molecules worldwide in the treatment of an array of infectious diseases. Mechanisms of quinolone resistance are mutations in chromosomal gene-containing DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV, overexpression of the AcrAB efflux system and the acquisition of plasmid resistance genes. Aim: The current study reports on Isolate and identifies the K. pneumoniae in patients attending wad Medani teaching hospitals, Determine the drug resistance patterns and asses the Prevalence of quinolones resistance genes (qnrA and acrA) among Klebsiella pneumonea clinical isolates. Methodology: This was cross-sectional descriptive, hospital-based study included 102 Klebsiella pneumonea clinical isolates. A structured questionnaire was given to study subjects for demographic information (age, gender, marital status) and the attitude toward antibiotics administration. Samples were collected and processed according to the standard procedure and isolated bacteria were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibilities by disc diffusion technique according to the CLSI guidelines. The presence of qnrA and acrA genes was assessed by multiplex PCR. Results: Meropeneme against K. pneumoniae had the best effect in antimicrobial susceptibility tests with resistance rate of 15%. The ciprofloxacin resistance rate among the isolates was 56.9%. The multi-drug resistance (MDR) isolates represent 92.9%. The Multiplex PCR assay, using specific primers, demonstrated that among the 102 isolates, 19 (18.6%) and 84 (82.3%) isolates were positive for the qnrA and acrA gene, respectively. Conclusion: This is the first report of qnrA and acrA gene among K. pneumoniae using multiplex PCR technique in Sudan. There is a high prevalence of acrA genes among K. pneumoniae isolates which necessitate the use of molecular tools in detecting the genetic determinants of multidrug resistance microorganisms.
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