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| Quo Vadis of Gender Equality: The Resilience of Muslimah as Single Parent in Kangean Island-Madura, Indonesia
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Nawawi
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Abstract:
This paper discovers that the consequence of a female single parent after undergoing a divorce in Kangean islands - Madura is having the responsibility to support her child's life although legal-judiciary is the husband's responsibility. Historically, this case casually happens from time to time without any critics, and many public figures even take parts. The phenomenon began to happen because of the shallow understanding of religion, yet it is dominated by patriarchal ideology. Thus, it created a hegemony of men over women, which is accepted as it is (taken for granted). This hegemony has been actualized in the social structure that becomes a sacred dogma, which is believed to be authoritative. Consequently, female single parent experiences gender inequality as they encounter serious problems such as economic problems, social problems, and biological needs. Through the deep struggle and resilience, they are pretty well established as seen from the aspect of independence, freedom and ethics. Naturally, this status transformation is a compulsion that the female single parents do to survive and raise their children. This typology of women is a reflection of resilience that single mothers rose from hardship after a divorce and became a single parent. The implications of this double roles indicates that female single parents have been able to reconstruct themselves by building new identities between domestic and public spaces. These findings of this article are powerlessness variables of female single parents in the social structure dominated by patriarchal ideology.
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