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| Thermodynamic Analysis Of Chalcopyrite Oxidation-Reduction Process
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Toshpulatov D.D., Khojiev Sh.T., Berdiyarov B.T., Jorayeva A.J., Kholmominova S.F.
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Abstract:
The only reactions that occur during melting with heat release are the reactions of oxidation of the components of the raw material with oxygen. During the processing of sulfide ore raw materials, the main exothermic reactions that provide sufficient heat release for the autogenous process are sulfide oxidation reactions. Thus, all autogenous metallurgical processes, being oxidative, require the supply of an oxygen-containing blast. The most widely used at present autogenous melting processes according to the method of oxidation of charge sulfides can be divided into two groups. In the processes of the first group, the combustion of sulfides is carried out in an oxygen or air-oxygen flare (suspended (WP) or Finnish, oxygen-flare smelting (CFP), kivetset process); In the processes of the second group, the oxidation of charge sulfides is carried out directly in the melt. A number of varieties of these processes are in commercial operation: the Vanyukov smelting (PV), the Noranda, Mitsubishi, Bai-Yun processes, and smelting in converters. The structure of the heat balance of autogenous melting depends on the composition of the feedstock obtained during the melting of matte and slag, the oxygen content in the blast and temperature. The higher the heat input, the more sulfur is contained in the raw material, the higher the content of non-ferrous metals in the resulting matte, and the higher the blast temperature. The heat consumption is mainly associated with heat losses from the smelting products, especially from gases. With an increase in the oxygen content in the blast, heat losses with gases are noticeably reduced due to a decrease in the nitrogen content in them, and hence the total volume of exhaust gases. All autogenous melting processes have characteristic features. Some proceed with the use of oxygen blast (CFP), others - with oxygen-enriched blast (flash melting - VP, melting Vanyukov - PV). In the process of flash melting, the blast is usually also heated. When melting, by adjusting the desulfurization, it is possible to obtain mattes with a high content of non-ferrous metals - copper or nickel. Modern processes of autogenous melting can be carried out not only on rich mattes, but also on white matte, matte and even blister copper.
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