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| Cost-Effective Technology of Selenium Extraction from Copper Production Waste and Intermediate Products: A Review
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Khojiev Sh.T., Saidova M.S., Khotamqulov V.X., Saidqulov A.G'.
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Abstract:
Selenium and tellurium are used as vulcanizers and accelerators to improve the elasticity and increase the durability of rubber. Their use is constantly expanding in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries for catalysts for oxidation, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and halogenation. Selenium and tellurium increase the resistance of lubricating oils against oxidation. selenides and tellurides of a number of transition metals are components of antifriction coatings and materials. They are part of disinfectants, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. Selenium and tellurium do not form independent deposits, they are found as an impurity in the ores of other metals. The behavior of selenium and tellurium and their compounds during ore dressing is characterized by a low degree of conversion into concentrates. So, with selective flotation, the extraction into copper concentrates is 10-25%; zinc 5-10%, lead 20-35%, nickel and molybdenum 0.5-5% of the content of selenium and tellurium in the ore. Most of the selenium and tellurium remains in the enrichment tailings and pyrite concentrates. In the process of metallurgical processing of sulfide ores and concentrates (copper, nickel, zinc, lead), gold-bearing ores and pyrite concentrates, selenium and tellurium are distributed and accumulated in waste and semi-products of enterprises: in dusts of agglomeration processes, smelting and roasting of concentrates non-ferrous metals, sludge from electrolytic refining of copper, nickel, in sludge and sludge from sulfuric acid production, waste from lead refining, etc. The main source of selenium and tellurium is anode sludge from electrolytic refining of blister copper. Selenium and tellurium are extracted from the sludge along with the extraction of copper, gold and silver from it. Another important source of selenium and tellurium is the sludge of sulfuric acid and pulp and paper production, which contains 3-42% Se and 0.2-14% Te. Waste and semi-products of lead production are processed in increasing quantities, extracting selenium and tellurium.
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