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| A Geospatial Approach to Crime Mapping and Analysis in Lokoja Metropolis, Nigeria
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E.P. Guma, Agada D.U, Yaya A.L., Johnson N.G., Ekule A., Aremu R.
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Abstract:
The rate of crime incidents is increasing in all developing cities due to urbanization, increase rate of poverty, challenges of insecurity, change of technology, materialistic way of life and also due to poor socio, political, economic and environmental conditions. This project looks at the possibility of utilizing maps generated using GIS for effective management of crime in Lokoja, Nigeria. This option was explored by showing the procedural method of creating digital maps showing crime locations, crime geo-spatial database, and spatial analysis such as query using ArcGIS software and creating graphs using Microsoft Excel. This was done by using secondary data mainly crime incidence reports gotten from Nigeria Police Force (NPF), and primary data - the coordinates of the crime locations acquired using handheld GPS device, acquired imagery of Lokoja and Lokoja street map in creating a geodatabase with all spatial and non-spatial data, creating hotspot map based on temporal and spatial analysis. The result of query analysis shows crime hotspots, crime pattern over the period of three year and frequency of occurrence of crime in relation to various months of the year, areas requiring constant police patrol. The project proves that GIS and maps generated can give a better synoptic perspective to crime study, analysis and proactive decision making and prevention of crime. The study finally recommends that a digital database for crime be maintained in all crime fighting institution for effective crime monitoring, prevention and management
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