Abstract:
Patriotism is an important value that contributes to social cohesion and national identity. However, the socio-psychological aspects of patriotism formation in youth remain insufficiently studied. This article reviews the current state of research on factors influencing patriotism among young people aged approximately 15-25 years old. Relevant databases were systematically searched for studies published over the past 10 years on associations between patriotism and variables related to family, peers, education, media, culture, politics, and national history. 104 studies meeting eligibility criteria were analyzed to determine key correlates of patriotic attitudes and behaviors. Research gaps around less studied correlates are identified. The review finds that parent-child transmission of patriotic values, exposure to positive framings of national history, participation in citizenship education, and attachment to national culture predict stronger patriotism, while peer influence effects are mixed. Political factors show complex effects. Strong evidence demonstrates an influence of national identification on patriotism. There remain considerable gaps in understanding how specific social contexts shape youth patriotism over time. More longitudinal studies tracking intra-individual trajectories are needed. Future research should address less examined factors like community settings, intergroup contact, national threats, and globalization. Developing a comprehensive framework of patriotism antecedents can inform initiatives to foster moderate patriotic commitment among youth.
|