Title: Association of HLA-DRB1/DQB1 Genes with Type1 Diabetes Mellitus among Sudanese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Hiba Omer AbdelRhman Hussein
Sababi Salih Abdalla
Sakeena NourEldine Salih
Abdelkarim Abobaker Abdrabo
Mohamed Abdelgadir Mahdi
Volume: 7
Issue: 12
Pages: 130-135
Publication Date: 2023/12/28
Abstract:
Background: About 10% of diabetes cases are Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), which is brought on by the autoimmune death of pancreatic beta-cells. This results in insulin insufficiency and condemns people with T1D to a life of insulin therapy. The interplay of environmental and genetic risk factors results in the activation of autoimmunity towards beta cells. The primary genetic causes of T1D, among the many loci linked to the condition, are variations in the class II HLA genes DQ and DR. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of the HLA-DRB1/DQB1 genes in type 1 diabetes mellitus on the onset of susceptibility or resistance to the disease in patients between the ages of five and eighteen, in comparison to healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The study included 187 Sudanese participants, whose ages ranged from 5 to 18 on average. 100 non-diabetic patients and 87 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were used as the control group. The investigation was carried out in the state of Khartoum's diabetic central hospitals. The allele-specific-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique was applied to identify the HLA gene polymorphism. Results: There was a significant difference in genotype frequency across the groups in the current investigation (Kruskal-Wallis, P value = 0.021). Whereas CG was not substantially different across groups (Chi square, P Value =0.116), the CC genotype was considerably greater (46.0%) in patients (Chi square Adjusted p value 0.001). Conclusions: This study found that patients' genotypes and allele frequencies are significantly correlated when compared to those of healthy participants.