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| Study On the Contribution of Bee Farming On the Socio-Economic Transformation of Communities in Rural Areas in Arua District a Case Study of Pajulu Sub-County
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Alitema Francis, Kabanda Richard, Dr Ariyo Gracious Kazaara, Ntirandekura Moses, Kamugisha Nelson
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Abstract:
In order to assess the impact of beekeeping intervention on the socio-economic transformation of rural communities, figure out the factors that motivate smallholder farmers to participate in beekeeping, and determine the differences in household incomes between participants and non-participants, this paper compiled the beekeeping practice, marketing system, existence of opportunities, and constraints in Uganda. Due to the abundant apicultural resources, Uganda is the country's entire top producer of honey and beeswax. Traditional backyard, traditional forest, transitional, and modernized beekeeping techniques were all available in Uganda. The chi-square test revealed a substantial correlation between beekeeping and socioeconomic transformation because the p-value (0.04) was below the threshold at the 95% confidence level. The opportunities for beekeeping in Uganda have been found to be the presence of natural forests with the enough apiculture flora and water management, the existence of numerous bee colonies, the accessibility of farmers with indigenous knowledge, the socioeconomic value of honey, and the demand for honeybee products. Despite 0.026>0.05, we accept the null hypothesis and get to the judgment that the disturbance terms are normally distributed with a bell-shaped curve by comparing the jarque-bera with the significance level. Although the price of honey and beeswax for export was increasing, the price of honey on the local market was generally higher than the price of honey on the international market, making honey export less lucrative in Uganda due to the country's rising demand. Even though, the export price of honey and beeswax was increasing, the honey price in the domestic market was mostly advanced than the international honey price which makes honey export less profitable in Uganda, due to increasing the demand of the country, as a result of this reason many of these honey exporters have dropped out of the international honey trade. Transitional hives are more productive than traditional hives and do not demand expensive high tech beekeeping accessories. The only costs involved are providing the design of the hives, training and initial support. In addition, transitional hives significantly improve the quality of honey since it allows farmers to inspect ripening of the honey. Farmers' annual incomes from honey can be improved through increasing the adoption of improved bee hives. The higher income also motivates the beekeepers to adopt the technology more intensively. Therefore, honey processors, governmental and NGOs should intensively promote the adoption of transitional beekeeping to help farmers increase their income with low cost.
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