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| Study on the Contribution of Bee Farming On the Socio-Economic Transformation of Communities in Rural Areas in Arua District Pajulu Sub-County
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Alitema Francis, Kabanda Richard, Kaziro Nicholas, Twinematsiko Paschal, Lukwago Ismail
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Abstract:
In order to assess the impact of beekeeping intervention on the socio-economic transformation of rural communities, figure out the factors that incentivize smallholder farmers to participate in beekeeping, and determine the differences in household incomes between participants and non-participants, this paper accumulated the beekeeping practice, marketing system, existence of opportunities, and constraints in Uganda. Due to its abundant apicultural resources, Uganda is the country's top producer of honey and beeswax. Traditional backyard, traditional forest, transitional, and enhanced beekeeping techniques were all available in Uganda. The chi-square test revealed a significant relationship between beekeeping and socioeconomic transition since the p-value (0.04) was smaller than the crucial value at the 95% confidence level, supporting the null hypothesis. The opportunities for beekeeping in Uganda have been found to be the presence of natural forests with sufficient apiculture flora and water resources, the existence of numerous bee colonies, the accessibility of farmers with indigenous knowledge, the socioeconomic value of honey, and the demand for honeybee products. Although 0.026>0.05, we accept the null hypothesis and get to the conclusion that the disturbance terms are normally distributed with a bell-shaped curve by comparing the jarque-bera with the significance level. Despite the fact that the price of honey and beeswax for export was rising, the domestic market's honey price was generally higher than the international price, making Uganda's honey export less profitable due to the nation's rising demand. As a result, many of these honey exporters declined to participate in the global honey trade. Traditional hives are less productive than transitional hives, which also don't demand as many high-end beekeeping supplies. The only costs involved are providing the design of the hives, training and initial support. In addition, transitional hives significantly improve the quality of honey since it allows farmers to inspect ripening of the honey. Farmers' annual incomes from honey can be improved through increasing the adoption of improved bee hives. The higher income also motivates the beekeepers to adopt the technology more intensively. Therefore, honey processors, governmental and NGOs should intensively promote the adoption of transitional beekeeping to help farmers increase their income with low cost.
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