Title: Production And Characterization Of Biofuntional Catalyst From Desert Date Seed Shells (Ddss)
Authors: Misitura L.CM Elinge,B Magaji, Ige AR AU Birnin Yauri and FH Olaniyi
Volume: 8
Issue: 10
Pages: 131-141
Publication Date: 2024/10/28
Abstract:
The Nigeria rapid expanding population, security concerns along its borders, the prevalence of oil theft, level of pollution caused by fossil fuels in the oil-producing states, high cost of fuel and uneven distribution of petroleum among the states has contributed to Nigeria increasing demand for energy. Balanites aegyptiaca seed shells were used to produce Biofunctional catalyst and characterized through EDXRF, SEM, BET and FT-IR respectively, EDXRF elemental composition of both the Raw, Activated and the produced Biofunctional catalyst revealed the presence of , Ca, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Pb and Sr respectively while metallic oxides obtained are FeO3, CuO, Ni2O, Al2O3, ZnO, Na2O, MgO, SO3, P2O5, CaO, K2O, MnO, Rb2O, and SrO at different concentration. SEM morphology was conducted at magnification range of 500X and 1000X. The Raw DDSS showed a particle structures, irregularities of granule units and particle shape, rough surfaces with peaks and holes, the DDSS-AC showed higher level of porosity, overlapping surface and pores while Biofunctional catalyst DDSSAC/KOH/H2SO4 showed pores created during calcination filled with the active sites during the impregnation process, resulting in the changed of shape and particle sizes. BET analysis showed an increased of specific surface area, pore volume and pore size from DDSS, DDSS-AC and DDSSAC/KOH/H2SO4. The functional groups attached to the surface of the DDSS was examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) at transmission spectra of 4000 - 650Cm3 showing -OH, C-H, C=O, C=C, C-O, S?O P=O at different wave number for all the samples. Conclusively DDSS will be a promising feed stock for catalyst synthesis