Title: Nanocatalysis for Energy Applications: A Review of Recent Advances
Authors: Olabimtan Olabode H, Musa Latayo. B, Aronimo Samuel.B, Blessing Adams , Sheyin Jemimoh.B, Efetobor Joseph. E, Efetobor Jennifer.A.
Volume: 8
Issue: 10
Pages: 247-275
Publication Date: 2024/10/28
Abstract:
Nanocatalysis has emerged as a transformative approach in energy applications, driven by the unique properties of nanoscale materials that offer enhanced catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in nanocatalysis for energy-related processes, focusing on key areas such as hydrogen production, fuel cells, CO? reduction, and energy storage technologies. The discussion highlights the role of nanostructured catalysts, including metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, and carbon-based materials, in improving the efficiency of electrochemical and photochemical reactions. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of non-precious metal catalysts, such as transition metal oxides and alloys, as cost-effective alternatives to platinum-group metals for sustainable hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). Moreover, advancements in nanoparticle synthesis and surface engineering are shown to contribute significantly to the catalytic performance by optimizing electron transfer and reducing reaction overpotentials. Challenges in stability, scalability, and environmental impacts are also addressed, providing a roadmap for future research in this rapidly evolving field. The review underscores the potential of nanocatalysis to enable more efficient and cost-effective energy conversion and storage systems, paving the way for clean and sustainable energy technologies.