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| Human Security and Separatist Movement in Angola: A Study of Cabinda Enclave
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Amon, Rimamtanung Stephen, Henry Yenda
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Abstract:
This paper investigates the violations of human security that led to the formations of separatist movement in Cabinda enclave, the region of Angola. is one of the world's longest but least reported conflicts in an oil-rich enclave separated from the rest of the Angola by Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Cabindans have been subjected to guerilla warfare for more than four decades, about 30,000 people lost their lives, separatist movement called, Front liberation for the enclave of Cabinda (FLEC) first fought for independence from Portugal. Prior to Angola's independence in 1975, the territory was controlled by Portugal as a separate colony and was physically distinct from the rest of the Angola. At independence; Portugal merges Cabinda with Angola without consulting the people of Cabinda enclave. Many within Cabinda claim that they have a history, identity and culture that are distinct from Angola and should therefore be granted independence. The findings revealed that the Angolan government is unwilling to allow Cabinda to secede from the rest of Angola, mainly due to Cabinda's oil wealth; Angolan Government is still violating human security in the region. This study also recommended that the Angolan government should adopt federal system of government by granting autonomy to Cabinda Province, to address minority versus majority conflict.
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