Abstract:
The role of social media in shaping narratives and perceptions during international conflicts has become increasingly significant in the digital age. This article critically examines this phenomenon through the lens of the escalating Israeli-Gaza conflict since October 2023. Utilizing theoretical frameworks such as agenda-setting theory and framing theory, the article explores how social media platforms enable the rapid dissemination of information, multimedia content, and user-generated narratives, thereby influencing public discourse surrounding the conflict. The analysis delves into the dynamics of misinformation and disinformation on social media, underscoring their potential to distort perceptions and polarise viewpoints. Case studies illustrate how both Israeli and Palestinian actors strategically leverage social media to amplify their narratives, garner support, and counter opposing perspectives. The findings highlight social media's transformative impact on conflict narratives but also the profound challenges posed by the spread of misinformation and lack of robust fact-checking mechanisms. Recommendations include promoting media literacy, strengthening fact-checking efforts, fostering dialogue, encouraging responsible social media use, supporting independent journalism, and facilitating cross-sector collaboration.
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