Abstract:
As a result of the financial crisis, marked by chronic over-indebtedness and the inability to repay their debts and pay civil servants' salaries, African countries had no choice but to turn to international institutions (IMF, World Bank...). The latter made their aid conditional on a series of plans known as structural adjustment programmes. There were two conditions: "the role of the state had to be reduced to a minimum through the privatisation of public companies and the political scene had to be opened up purely and simply. The second condition called into question the political norms in force at the time. These were to undergo renewal through the Sovereign National Conference, where the constitutions were renewed in the light of democratic requirements". The research hypothesis identified in this paper is that political governance in Benin and Togo has considerable strengths that are conducive to the consolidation of the rule of law. It also calls for certain institutional norms to be considered as refractory to the implementation of the rule of law in Togo, unlike in Benin. This corresponds here to a limitation of institutional power in Togo.
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