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| Hydrogel Technology: Insight into Hydrogel Structure, Classification, and Biomedical Applications.
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Khawla A. Etweby, Rabia A.M. Yahya, Azab Elsayed Azab, and Saja K. A. Almaloul
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Abstract:
Background: Hydrogels are polymeric networks with a high water absorption capacity. It has other properties like flexibility, porosity, stimuli-responsiveness, soft structure, and its resemblance to living tissue. Objectives: The current review aims to highlight on structure, classification, and biomedical applications of hydrogel. Methods: In this investigation, a review of the literature was used. Using the keywords hydrogel technology, biomedicine, and drug delivery, PubMed was searched for publications and papers published between 2010 and 2023. A total of 116 publications were found; the focus was on free-access English-language papers that focused on the uses of hydrogel technology in medicine, particularly drug delivery. The benefits of hydrogels include their soft structure, stimuli-responsiveness, flexibility, and adaptability. It is categorized according to its physical qualities, responsiveness, ionic charge, cross-linking, source, and preparation. Hydrogels find application in diverse domains such as biosensors, agriculture, the food industry, and medicine. Hydrogels are employed in many different industries because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and resemblance to living tissue. Conclusion: Hydrogel, a three-dimensional structured polymer with the capacity to absorb water, is categorized according to its source, charge, cross-links, and physical properties. It finds application in biomedical fields such as tissue engineering, 3D cell cultures, wound dressings, and drug delivery.
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