Title: Relationship between Increase Fluoride Intake and Dental Fluorosis among Population in Western Tripoli
Authors: Rabia AM Yahya, Ebtihag A A Alsalougi, Karema El.M.Shkal, and Azab Elsayed Azab
Volume: 8
Issue: 7
Pages: 107-124
Publication Date: 2024/07/28
Abstract:
Background: Dental fluorosis has considerable implications on the patients' quality of life. The ingestion of excessive fluoride cause pathological changes on teeth and other body tissues and systems such as bone and thyroid gland, nervous system, cardiovascular system, liver, kidney, pancreas, reproductive system. Objectives: The present study assesses the relationship between increase fluoride intake and dental fluorosis among population in Western Tripoli. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study carried out on 201 Subjects, aged from 5 to 70 years. Subjects selected from among patients who were referred to the clinics of dentistry, visual clinical examination, Face-to-Face questionnaire ,collection of Blood Samples ,collection of water samples had done. Results: The results show eating fish, drinking milk in large amount cause dental fluorosis and drinking tea and water, use tooth paste, use mouth wash do not cause dental fluorosis. There are the relationship between increase fluoride intake and dental fluorosis.The main source of water in population under study filtered water then bottled water and fluoride supplements, Tea, filtered and bottled water are frequently inadequate to cause dental fluorosis and significant risk to cause dental fluorosis by eat fish and drink milk. The ingestion of excessive fluoride cause pathological changes on teeth and other body tissues and systems such as bone, nervous system, cardiovascular system, liver and kidney, reproductive system, thyroid gland and pancreas.Conclusion: It can be concluded that fluoride is used to prevent dental caries. The main known source of the fluoride is water fluoridation, and the other sources are fish, tea, formula milk, salt and fluoride supplements. Excess intake of fluoride will lead to dental fluorosis. Children in the age group of 0 to 8 years are the most prone to fluorosis. The severity of the fluorosis depend on the dose, duration, age of the individual during exposure, and kidney function. The pits, bands, and loss of areas of enamel seen in severe fluorosis are the result of damage to the severely hypomineralized, brittle and fragile enamel which occurs after they erupt into the mouth, hydroxyapatite is converted to fluorapatite. The study showed valued results through the study of biochemistry parameters, Electrolyte parameters and Hormonal parameters. Prevention of dental fluorosis recommended the level of fluoride must be from 0.7mg to 1.5mg per liter of drinking water. Keeping children from swallowing fluoride products. Public health specialists in Libya should increase awareness about the risk of increase fluoride intake on teeth and other body tissues and systems.