Title: Assessment of the Prevalence of Anemia, and Alterations of Thrombocytes, and Leukocytes Counts among Cervical Cancer Patients in Western Libya
Authors: Hana Ali Mohamed Mousa
Volume: 8
Issue: 9
Pages: 16-28
Publication Date: 2024/09/28
Abstract:
: Background: Cervical cancer accounts for 7.5% of all female cancer related deaths worldwide; peaking between the ages of 35 and 65, and not only kills young women but also destroys families with young children. Anemia, alterations in leukocytes and thrombocytes counts are a common manifestation of malignancies. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anemia, alterations in thrombocytes, and leukocytes counts among cervical cancer patients at the Sabratha National Cancer Institute in Western Libya. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 cervical cancer patients, attending the National Cancer Institute of Sabratha for cervical examination to detect cancerous or other medical conditions from the 1st June, 2022 to 1st June, 2024, were enrolled in this prospective study. Their ages ranged from 35 to 80 years old. Blood samples were collected by vein puncture, 5 ml of venous blood withdrawn from each participant in the study by using disposable syringes under an aseptic technique; they were then transferred to a sterile EDTA tube, for complete blood count. Complete blood count was determined using an automated hematology analyzer Sysmex (KX 21) machine in the Centre laboratory of the National Cancer Institute of Sabratha. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 26) software. Results: The study showed that 82% of cervical cancer patients were anemic, with 15% mild, 60% moderate, and 7% severe anemia, 75% normocytic hypochromic, and 25% microcytic hypochromic anemia. Patients with cervical cancer had a WBC count distribution of 46% leukocytosis, 52% normal, and 2% leukocytopenia. 68% of cervical cancer patients were lymphopenic, whereas 76% exhibited neutrophilia. Additionally, 6% of individuals had thrombocytopenia, with 4% mild, 1.5% moderate, and 0.5% severe thrombocytopenia, whereas 70% had normal platelet counts and 24% had thrombocytosis. Conclusion: The study found that 82% of cervical cancer patients had anemia, with the majority having moderate and normocytic hypochromic anemia. Additionally, 46% had leukocytosis, 68% had lymphopenia, 76% had neutrophilia, 24% had thrombocytosis, and 6% were thrombocytopenic (04% mild and 1.5% moderate). A comprehensive blood count is the most effective way to diagnose disease. It is advised that patients with cervical cancer have their hematological markers examined frequently. It is critical to examine the results' clinical implications.