Title: Bioactive Polyphenol Fractions from Garcinia mangostana L. Exhibit In Vitro ?-Glucosidase Inhibition
Authors: Tran Phuc Nguyên Chuong Ho Nguyen Ngoc Khanh Ha Quoc Duong
Volume: 9
Issue: 10
Pages: 73-83
Publication Date: 2025/10/28
Abstract:
Garcinia mangostana L., a food industry by-product, is an abundant source of bioactive polyphenols. This study assessed and compared the potential of mangosteen peel polyphenols extracted with different solvents to inhibit the enzyme ?-glucosidase. Inhibition of ?-glucosidase helps to delay carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption in the small intestine, thus helping to control type 2 diabetes. Initially, the fresh mangosteen peel was extracted with 96% ethanol, and then to obtain further fractions, the crude extract was partitioned by sequential liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane and ethyl acetate, and the polarities of solvents in sequence. Each of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fractions underwent qualitative phytochemical screening, quantitative polyphenol content (TPC), and in vitro ?-glucosidase inhibition assay. In ethanol fraction, total polyphenol content was the highest amounting to 5.13 g per 100 g of fresh material and was the most active in ?-glucosidase inhibition with an IC?? of under 5 µg/mL, significantly more active than the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions. The polar ethanol fraction from the G. Mangostana peel demonstrates the potential to be developed into functional nutraceuticals on the market as effective natural postprandial ?-glucosidase inhibitors. G. Mangosteen peel has the potential to be developed into functional foods or nutraceuticals for postprandial blood glucose regulation. More studies to isolate the bioactive compounds in this fraction should be done.