Title: In Vitro Evaluation of ?-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Fractions from Stevia Rebaudiana Collected in Lam Dong, Vietnam
Authors: Khang Tran Le Tram Nguyen Dinh Khanh
Volume: 9
Issue: 10
Pages: 97-104
Publication Date: 2025/10/28
Abstract:
The ?-glucosidase enzyme is involved in carbohydrate degradation and is a target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The search for ?-glucosidase inhibitors from medicinal plants is of interest due to their safety and low side effects. Natural products from medicinal plants such as Stevia rebaudiana, a plant rich in diterpene glycosides - especially steviol glycosides, are a source of novel, safer metabolic inhibitors. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro ?-glucosidase inhibitory potential of different solvent fractions from the ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana, and to isolate and identify the major active ingredient from the most potent fraction. The leaves and roots were extracted with ethanol and liquid-liquid fractionation to obtain n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. All fractions were evaluated for ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity by 96-well microplate spectroscopy. The highly active fraction was isolated by column chromatography, purified and its structure was determined by H1-NMR and C13-NMR spectroscopy. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest inhibitory activity against 13 ?-glucosidases (IC?? = 17.20 ± 1.16 µg/mL), higher than the positive control Acarbose (IC?? = 84.03 ± 4.74 µg/mL). The leaves and roots of Stevia rebaudiana are a source of potent ?-glucosidase inhibitors. These findings provide a scientific basis for the research on the application of Stevia rebaudiana grown in Lam Dong, Vietnam, both as a natural sweetener and in the control of type 2 diabetes.