Title: The Neuroprotective Potential of Polyscias fruticose: A Synthesis of Evidence on Phytochemistry, Antioxidant, and Anti-inflammatory Activities
Authors: Hoang Thi Tam Anh , Vuong Thi Huyen Trang
Volume: 9
Issue: 11
Pages: 1-10
Publication Date: 2025/11/28
Abstract:
Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms (Araliaceae) is a prominent medicinal plant in traditional Asian medicine, used to treat asthenia, inflammation, and enhance memory. The present review helps in compiling and assessing scientific data to provide insight into neuroprotective activity of this plant. It is based on a meta-analysis of chemically characterized and documented in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies. Phytochemically, three major groups of compounds have been identified in the extract of P. fruiticosa: (1) triterpenoid saponins (oleanane skeleton, e.g., Polyscioside J/K), (2) phenolic compounds, and (3) an important lipophilic moiety (e.g., stigmasterol, falcarinol). The plant exerts its neuroprotective effects through several means. It displays dual anti-oxidative actions through free radical scavenging and activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway, resulting in an increased production of the endogenous protective enzymes HO-1 and CAT. Concurrently, it possesses multi-target anti-inflammatory actions through the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-?B signaling axis and COX-2 (PTGS2) enzyme. Other works confirm the capacity to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and to stimulate the survival pathway AKT/CREB/BDNF. P. fruticosa extract acts as a multi-target neuroprotective agent, uniquely positioned to interfere with the oxidative stress-neuroinflammation loop. These mechanisms provide a solid scientific basis for the development of standardized extracts into nutraceuticals to promote human health. This study opens up directions for future clinical trials.