Title: A PLC-Based DC Motor Speed Control System Using Model Reference Adaptive Control Schemes (MRACS)
Authors: Oyindinipre Bioko, Damfebo Franklin Ayebagbalinyo, Jenny Ebitonere Fawei, Inanumo Emmanuel
Volume: 9
Issue: 12
Pages: 291-298
Publication Date: 2025/12/28
Abstract:
This paper presents the design and implementation of a programmable logic controller (PLC)-based DC motor speed control system using a Model Reference Adaptive Control Scheme (MRACS). DC motors are widely used in industrial applications due to their simplicity and high torque characteristics; however, achieving precise speed regulation under varying load conditions remains a significant challenge for conventional fixed-gain controllers. The primary problem addressed in this study is the degradation of control performance caused by parameter variations and external disturbances when using traditional PID-based PLC controllers. The objective of the research is to develop a robust, adaptive control strategy that can be practically implemented on an industrial PLC to ensure accurate and stable speed control. The proposed method employs MRACS, in which a reference model defines the desired dynamic response while adaptive laws continuously adjust controller parameters in real time. The system was modeled mathematically, implemented on a PLC platform, and evaluated through simulation and experimental analysis. Results demonstrate fast rise time, zero overshoot, negligible steady-state error, and rapid recovery from load disturbances. The study concludes that PLC-based MRACS offers a reliable and effective solution for real-time industrial DC motor speed control.