Title: Phytochemical Investigation and Anticancer Activity of Elaeocarpus hainanensis Oliv. Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Cham Ba Thi , Ngan Khuat Gia
Volume: 9
Issue: 12
Pages: 42-50
Publication Date: 2025/12/28
Abstract:
Southeast Asian Elaeocarpus hainanensis Oliv. (family Elaeocarpaceae) is used in traditional medicine, but its phytochemical composition and pharmacological mechanisms have not been fully investigated. This study presents a thorough survey of the chemical composition of leaves and branches of E. hainanensis collected in Vietnam, followed by the isolation and structural determination of secondary compounds; among these, three new triterpenoids were identified: two rare oleanane-framework triterpenes with sulfate groups, 1?,3?-dihydroxy-olean-12-ene-1-sulfate (EH9) and 1?,3?-dihydroxy-olean-18-ene-1-sulfate (EH13).The biological activity of the examined compounds was evaluated and found that: The known cucurbitacins, namely cucurbitacin D (EH1) and 3-epi-isocucurbitacin D (EH3), demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against nucleophosmin-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines (OCI-AML3), with submicromolar ?IC?_50 values, while the novel epoxy-cucurbitacins (EH6-EH8) showed weak cytotoxicity (?IC?_50 > 50 ?M). This report provides the first detailed evidence of the chemical diversity and the mechanism of specific anti-leukemia activity of E. hainanensis.