Title: Hematological Disorders among Hemodialysis Patients in Surman Region, Western Libya
Authors: Hana Ali Mohamed Mousa
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Pages: 56-71
Publication Date: 2025/02/28
Abstract:
: Background: Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD), a widespread ailment that contributes to high rates of morbidity and death. Common side effects of chronic kidney disease include hematological abnormalities, which are characterized by anemia and worsen as the illness progresses. The most popular treatment for severe and irreversible kidney failure is hemodialysis, which has emerged as a viable therapeutic option. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the hematological disorders among hemodialysis patients in Surman region. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 hemodialysis patients, attending Surman Dialysis Centerin western Libya from the 1st May 2023 to 1st December, 2024, and 100 normal healthy subjects. Ethical approval and patient consent statements were taken from every patient. Their ages varied from 25 to 90 years old. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain personal information, including age, area, and file number. A blood sample of 3 ml was drawn by venous puncture from each normal healthy individual and hemodialysis patient and was collected in K-EDTA tubes for the hematological examinations. The data of hematological parameters were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 26) software. The statistical significance of differences between groups was evaluated with the independent t-test. The percentages were estimated using Chi-square. Results: The results showed that 79% male & 75% female hemodialysis patients were anemic. 12% male and 6 % female were with mild anemia, 71% male and 79% female were with moderate anemia, and 17% male and 15% female were with severe anemia. The types of anemia was microcytic hypochromic in 15% male and 13% female, normocytic hypochromic in 83% male and 85% female, and macrocytic hypochromic 2% in male and female patients. The higher distribution of anemic hemodialysis patients was 30% male and 28% female patients in the age group (50-59) years while the lower distribution was 02% male and 4% female patients in the age group (? 80) years. The results showed that a significant (P<0.01) decrease in RBCs counts, hemoglobin concentrations, Hematocrit values, MCHC, Lymphocytes %, and platelets count in both genders of hemodialysis patients compared with the healthy individuals. A significantly (P<0.05) decreased was observed in mean corpuscular volume in males hemodialysis patients compared with the males healthy individuals. But, a significant (P<0.01) increase in MCH WBCs count, neutrophils %, and Mixed %were observed in both genders of hemodialysis patients when compared with the healthy individuals. The results showed that 16% of males and 25% of females patients have been thrombocytopenia (<150 x 103/?L). The degrees of thrombocytopenia were mild thrombocytopenic in 14% of males and 2% of females, and moderate thrombocytopenic in 2% of males and 23% of females. The WBCs count of hemodialysis patients was (<4 x 103 cells/?L) in 11% of males and 9% of females, (4-10 x 103 cells/?L) in 86% of males and 89% of females, and (>10 x 103 cells/?L) in 3% of males and 2% of females. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the results showed that a significant decrease RBCs counts, Hb, Hct, MCHC, Lymphocytes %, and platelets count and a significant increase in MCH WBCs count, neutrophils %, and Mixed % in hemodialysis patients compared to the control group. The results showed that 79% male & 75% female hemodialysis patients were anemic. The more prevalent anemia was moderate , normocytic hypochromic anemia, and the higher distribution of anemia was in the age group (50-59) years in both genders. 16% of males and 25% of females patients have been thrombocytopenia. The most prevalent thrombocytopenia was mild thrombocytopenic in 14% of males, and moderate thrombocytopenic in 23% of females. Improving patient treatment and results requires research on the connection between hematological illnesses and their clinical importance in renal failure. For this patient population, a comprehensive evaluation and effective anemia therapy are essential.