Title: Tuning the Optical Properties of Barium Oxide (BaO) through Molar Concentration Variations: A UV-VIS Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Mohammedain Adm Alhgabo Belal, Alaa Mohammed Alsaid Osman, Sakina Ibrahim Ali Abonaib ,Emtithal Ahmed Jadallah, and Alobid Ali Khalid Awad Elkareem
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Pages: 56-61
Publication Date: 2025/02/28
Abstract:
The samples of BaO were synthesized by a sol-gel method at molar concentration variations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9), while the resulting optical properties were systematically investigated using UV-VIS spectroscopy. The key parameters studied are absorbance, transmission, reflection, absorption coefficient, excitation coefficient, and energy bandgap. The results showed that with the increase in molar concentration of BaO, the absorbance increases, hence decreasing the transmission. A peak of absorbance at 247 nm was observed. The reflection spectra recorded maximum reflection values of about 0.2 (a.u) within the 311-343 nm wavelength range. The absorption coefficient reached the highest value of 4.1×10² cm?¹ at a wavelength of 243 nm for the 0.9 molar sample and thus may be said to show significant electronic transitions. The energy bandgap, as calculated, decreases from 3.552 eV for the 0.1 molar sample to 3.372 eV for the 0.9 molar sample, indicating that changes in concentration change the electronic structure of BaO. These results can be useful in understanding the optical properties of BaO in optoelectronics, photovoltaics, and semiconductor applications.