Title: AI in Autonomous Vehicles: A Review of Technological Advancements and Regulatory Challenges
Authors: Oluwadayomi Akinsooto, Enoch Oluwadunmininu Ogunnowo , Chukwuemeka Chukwuka Ezeanochie
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Pages: 129-138
Publication Date: 2025/03/28
Abstract:
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in autonomous vehicles has witnessed remarkable progress, revolutionizing the landscape of transportation. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the technological advancements and regulatory challenges surrounding the deployment of AI in autonomous vehicles. Technological advancements in AI have played a pivotal role in enhancing the capabilities of autonomous vehicles. Machine learning algorithms, deep neural networks, and computer vision technologies have significantly improved perception, decision-making, and control systems. These advancements have led to increased accuracy in object detection, better understanding of complex traffic scenarios, and improved adaptability to dynamic environments. The synergy of AI with sensor technologies, such as LiDAR and radar, has further fortified the perception capabilities of autonomous vehicles, enabling them to navigate safely in various conditions. Despite these technological leaps, regulatory challenges remain a critical aspect of the autonomous vehicle ecosystem. The absence of standardized regulations across different jurisdictions poses significant hurdles for widespread adoption. This paper reviews the current regulatory landscape, highlighting the need for global harmonization to ensure consistent safety standards and interoperability. Ethical considerations, liability frameworks, and data privacy concerns also demand careful attention from regulatory bodies. Moreover, the paper explores the role of AI in addressing specific challenges faced by autonomous vehicles, such as handling edge cases, ensuring robust cybersecurity, and optimizing energy efficiency. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and development to address these challenges and enhance the overall reliability and safety of autonomous vehicles. The integration of AI in autonomous vehicles has witnessed rapid technological advancements, transforming the transportation industry. However, regulatory challenges remain a significant hurdle to widespread adoption. This review provides insights into the current state of AI in autonomous vehicles, shedding light on both the progress made and the hurdles that must be overcome to usher in a new era of intelligent and safe transportation.