Title: Assessment of Public Knowledge and Gender-Based compliance with the National Population Policy in Iwo LGA, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ejeh Benedict Aduke Olufunmilayo Bello Angela Uwanuakwa Adenike Saliu Morilat
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Pages: 26-37
Publication Date: 2025/04/28
Abstract:
This study examined the knowledge, sources of awareness, recognition of policy components, and compliance with the National Population Policy (NPP) among residents of Iwo Local Government Area (LGA) in Osun State, Nigeria. Using a structured questionnaire administered to 200 respondents (129 men and 71 women), the research revealed a high level of awareness of the NPP, with 92.0% of respondents indicating familiarity. Gender-based analysis showed marginal differences, with 92.2% of men and 91.5% of women reporting awareness. The primary sources of information were Radio/Television (33.7%), schools (22.8%), and family members (15.2%), indicating the dominant role of mass media and educational institutions in disseminating policy-related knowledge. Respondents demonstrated high recognition of specific components of the policy, especially those related to education, health, and fertility control. Notably, women exhibited stronger awareness in areas such as population growth reduction and child mortality, while men were more aware of HIV-related and education-focused objectives. Despite this high level of awareness, only 40.9% of respondents reported compliance with the NPP, with women showing slightly higher adherence than men. This suggests that structural and behavioral barriers-such as sociocultural norms, limited access to reproductive health services, and socioeconomic constraints-may inhibit policy implementation. The study concludes that while awareness levels are promising, a gap exists between knowledge and practice. Recommendations include strengthening behavioral change communication, leveraging health institutions and community structures, enhancing media engagement, and implementing gender-responsive strategies to improve compliance and ensure the successful realization of NPP objectives in the study area.