Title: Forensic Evidence Management: Chain Of Custody Process
Authors: Mbagwu Ignatius Nwabudo, and Okpa Basil Oyama
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Pages: 232-245
Publication Date: 2025/06/28
Abstract:
The field of forensic science is crucial for legal investigations, necessitating meticulous evidence handling, especially with technological advancements. The chain of custody is vital for documenting evidence management, ensuring its authenticity and integrity from collection to court presentation. Maintaining this chain is particularly challenging with the rise of digital evidence which is susceptible to tampering. Breaches in the chain of custody can lead to evidence being deemed inadmissible, compromising case outcomes. This study conceptualizes forensic evidence and evidence management within the theoretical frameworks of Systems Theory and Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) Theory, emphasizing the interconnectedness of evidence handling stages. The empirical review highlights the significant impact of chain of custody protocols on evidence integrity, ensuring legal admissibility, preventing contamination, and facilitating accountability. Challenges in digital evidence handling include data complexity, jurisdictional issues, the need for specialized knowledge, and keeping pace with emerging technologies. The study concludes that maintaining a robust chain of custody, enhanced by technologies like blockchain and RFID, is essential for the reliability and admissibility of forensic evidence. Recommendations include developing standardized protocols for digital evidence, providing continuous training, establishing privacy guidelines, and investing in advanced technologies to improve security and accountability.