Title: Gender Representation In Filipino Literary Works By Bob Ong
Authors: Wendy F. Marasigan, John Reimar M. De Guzman, Yael Jairah M. Fabi, Jessabel V. Hilaus, Marcy DR. Intano, Mark Eivan C. Lipit, and Jesson L. Hero, PhD
Volume: 9
Issue: 7
Pages: 49-56
Publication Date: 2025/07/28
Abstract:
This study examined gender representation in Bob Ong's MacArthur, Lumayo Ka Nga sa Akin, and Si, focusing on how male and female characters were portrayed and whether these portrayals reinforce or challenge societal gender norms. Using qualitative textual analysis and applying Gender Role Theory and Verb Taxonomy, the study analyzed the character actions and dialogues. The findings revealed that male characters were often associated with action, dominance, and decision-making, while female characters were linked to nurturing roles, emotional expression, and dependence, reflecting traditional gender stereotypes. However, there were notable instances where male characters display nurturing qualities and female characters assert independence and control, suggesting a more complex depiction of gender roles. These moments of progressive representation indicated that while Ong's works primarily adhere to conventional gender norms, they also presented characters who deviate from stereotypes. The study concluded that his novels offer a mix of reinforcement and subtle subversion of gender expectations. It is recommended that further research on gender representation in Filipino literature, integrating gender analysis in educational curricula, and encouraging authors to depict diverse gender roles. Future studies should explore how contemporary Filipino writers address evolving gender roles and inclusivity, considering the impact of literature on shaping societal perceptions.