Title: Switching Tongues: A Case Study on Early Bilingualism in a Filipino-Cebuano Context
Authors: Junrel B. Alparero, Sheina Jean G. Maicom, Allene Faith S. Suarez, Marie Concepsion L. Celesio
Volume: 9
Issue: 8
Pages: 323-332
Publication Date: 2025/08/28
Abstract:
Early bilingualism is shaped by mental process, social relationship, and environmental conditions. This qualitative case study explored the bilingual experiences of a child growing up in a Filipino-Cebuano environment, focusing on language use in daily communication, learning, and social interaction. Data were collected through caregiver interviews and naturalistic observations, then analyzed thematically. Results showed that the child, a sequential bilingual, displayed age-appropriate development across cognitive, social-emotional, communicative, motor, and self-help domains. Language use varied by context: Filipino was mainly used with parents, Cebuano with grandparents and the community, and both languages during play. The child exhibited functional and situational code-switching, often using short sentences in both languages, full sentences in Cebuano, and Filipino more frequently for polite expressions. Key influences on bilingual development included parental language modeling, the home and community environment, media exposure, and the child's positive view of bilingualism. Caregivers supported bilingual development by modeling, explaining, and maintaining a rich linguistic environment. These results emphasize the critical role of consistent and supported bilingual exposure. In supporting similar learners, caregivers should integrate both languages in daily life and clarify language use. Educators and schools are encouraged to promote bilingualism through inclusive materials and culturally responsive programs.