Title: Energy Efficiency in Cell-Free Extremely Large-Scale MIMO Networks
Authors: Eze Gerald C.
Volume: 9
Issue: 8
Pages: 23-28
Publication Date: 2025/08/28
Abstract:
In this paper, we study the Energy Efficiency (EE) in downlink of cell-free (CF) extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (xMIMO) networks, which is a promising technology for next-generation wireless communications. More specifically, we consider the practical scenario with access points (APs) and multiple user equipments (UEs). To this end, we formulate exact achievable EE expressions for precoding technique. It is worth noting that we derive the closed-form EE expressions for the CF-xMIMO with zero forcing (ZF) precoding. Simulation results show that the EE performance of the CF-xMIMO can be largely improved compared with the small-cell (SC)-xMIMO. However, the smaller antenna spacing provides a higher correlation level among patch antennas. Finally, we illustrate that increasing the antenna spacing in both AP and UE may increase the EE performance with ZF precoding.