Title: When Renal Cell Carcinoma Strikes Twice : A Case Report of Recurrence and Resurgence
Authors: Elftouhi Hamza, Ouzidane Yassine, Bennani Mehdi, Kbirou Adil, Moataz Amine, Dakir Mohamed, Debbagh Adil, Aboutaieb Rachid
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 94-97
Publication Date: 2026/01/28
Abstract:
introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 2% of global cancer diagnoses and remains the most common type of kidney cancer. Although surgical resection is curative in localized disease, recurrence can occur years later, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 67-year-old female with a history of right radical nephrectomy for clear cell RCC in 2018. Eight years postoperatively, she presented with right flank pain. Imaging revealed a 48 × 39 mm polylobed mass in the right abdominal wall invading the oblique muscles and adjacent to the 11th rib. Surgical excision was performed, and histopathological examination confirmed a recurrent encapsulated clear cell RCC (Fuhrman grade 2, CD10 positive). The diagnosis of abdominal wall recurrence of RCC was established. Discussion: Abdominal wall recurrence of RCC is exceedingly rare, with only a few cases described in the literature. Late recurrence beyond five years is recognized as a hallmark of RCC's biological heterogeneity, potentially linked to tumor dormancy, immune senescence, and hormonal influences. This case underscores the importance of long-term surveillance, even in patients who initially achieve disease-free status, as current guidelines show variability in recommended follow-up duration and intensity. Conclusion: This case illustrates the unpredictable nature of RCC recurrence and highlights the need for individualized, multidisciplinary management. Enhanced understanding of tumor dormancy and standardized long-term surveillance strategies are crucial to improve patient outcomes.