Title: Pozzolanic Characterization and Chemical Properties of Periwinkle Shell Ash for Soil Stabilization: Implications for Sustainable Geotechnical Applications
Authors: Timothy Omotoyosi Awanu
Volume: 10
Issue: 2
Pages: 50-59
Publication Date: 2026/02/28
Abstract:
The increasing demand for sustainable infrastructure materials has intensified the search for low-carbon, cost-effective pozzolanic additives capable of improving the engineering performance of marginal soils. This study presents a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of Periwinkle Shell Ash (PSA), a marine waste by-product, with the objective of establishing its fundamental suitability as a pozzolanic material for lateritic soil stabilization in pavement applications. PSA was produced through controlled calcination and characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), particle size analysis, and specific gravity determination. A naturally occurring lateritic soil was concurrently evaluated for its index and compaction properties to assess compatibility with chemical stabilization. XRF results revealed that PSA is rich in calcium oxide (38.85%) and silica (34.55%), with appreciable alumina and iron oxide contents, indicating a calcium-rich pozzolanic material with inherent cementitious potential. The lateritic soil exhibited moderate plasticity (Plasticity Index ? 16%) and favorable compaction characteristics (Maximum Dry Density = 1.84 Mg/m³, Optimum Moisture Content = 14.5%), confirming its suitability for chemical modification. The combined chemical reactivity of PSA and the physical receptiveness of the soil establish a strong material-level synergy for stabilization. The findings validate PSA as a viable supplementary cementitious material and support its integration into sustainable soil stabilization systems, offering environmental benefits through waste valorization, reduced cement demand, and improved utilization of locally available soils.