Title: Design And Implementation Of A Solar-Powered Intelligent Mcu-Based Bird Deterence System For Rice Farmers
Authors: Gabriel Ebiowei Moses, Sopreye Egberipou, Agidi Daniel
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Pages: 21-37
Publication Date: 2026/04/28
Abstract:
Bird infestations pose a significant challenge in rice farming, leading to considerable crop damage and reduced yields for farmers. Conventional techniques for frightening birds, such as hand clapping, using scarecrows, and producing noise, require a great deal of effort and are often ineffective. This research presents the design and implementation of a microcontroller-driven Bird Control System that autonomously detects bird activity and deters them using distress sounds. The setup incorporates an ESP32 microcontroller with the RCWL-0516 microwave radar sensor to identify bird activity within 9 meters of distance. Once motion is detected, the controller activates an audio amplifier that plays pre-recorded bird distress calls through a speaker, successfully driving away the birds. The system was implemented on hardware for practical testing. Results indicated a fast response time of less than one second, consistent detection performance, and an average bird deterrence success rate of 85 percent. The system operates on a solar-charged 3S Li-ion battery pack, ensuring continuous operation in isolated farming environments. With low power consumption, autonomous operation, and environmentally friendly design, this bird deterrent system provides a cost-effective and sustainable solution for agricultural producers. This research demonstrates the application of modern embedded systems and sensors in addressing agricultural challenges, improving productivity, and reducing post-harvest losses.