Title: Research on Second Language Acquisition from the Perspective of Sociocultural Theory
Authors: Xiaoquan Pan
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Pages: 56-62
Publication Date: 2026/05/28
Abstract:
Grounded on sociocultural theory (SCT), this study systematically examines its theoretical foundations and practical significance as a key framework for second language acquisition (SLA) research. By critiquing the limitations of the cognitive paradigm, the study emphasizes that SLA is fundamentally a sociocultural practice. Its core mechanism involves cognitive development and language internalization achieved through mediated interaction using symbolic tools. The study elaborates on three foundational SCT concepts: the theory of mediation, internalization theory, and activity theory. Core topics of investigation focus on: (1) how teacher scaffolding and negotiated interaction within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) foster competence progression; (2) how language activities drive the internalization of cultural awareness; and (3) how emergent technologies are reshaping mediation pathways and learning environments. Concurrently, the study analyzes critical challenges, including: (1) methodological difficulties in researching complex social processes; (2) the indeterminate long-term cognitive effects of technology mediation; and (3) the tension between cultural specificity and standardized practices. Future research necessitates methodological integration, exploration of the efficacy of intelligent embodied mediation, and the design of technology-enhanced reflective practice communities. This will guide SLA research towards new directions characterized deepened integration and situated empowerment.