Title: A Rule-Based Expert System for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Eye Diseases Using CLIPS
Authors: Abdullah Osama Abu Salama, Samy S. Abu-Naser
Volume: 10
Issue: 7
Pages: 1-V-
Publication Date: 2026/07/28
Abstract:
Background: The eye is one of the most important organs in the human body, and it is responsible for vision and helps people perform their daily activities. Eye diseases may affect the ability to see clearly and may lead to serious problems if they are not diagnosed and treated early. Therefore, in this paper, some common eye diseases will be identified and diagnosed according to their symptoms. Objectives: The main objective of this expert system is to obtain an appropriate diagnosis of eye diseases and provide suitable recommendations for the user. Methods: In this paper, the expert system is designed to help users detect and diagnose some eye diseases such as conjunctivitis, acute glaucoma, corneal ulcer, eye allergy, uveitis, dry eye syndrome, cataract, myopia, and hyperopia. The system asks the user several yes or no questions about the symptoms that appear, such as eye redness, eye discharge, severe pain, nausea, itching, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and difficulty seeing near or distant objects. CLIPS expert system language is used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The expert system provides the user with the expected diagnosis and a suitable recommendation according to the selected symptoms. Conclusions: The proposed expert system is easy to use and can help users get an initial diagnosis of common eye diseases. It can also be useful for educational purposes, but it does not replace consultation with an eye specialist.