Abstract:
After the end of World War I, Palestine was granted to the British mandate by the League of Nations in 1922, and the country was militarily controlled. British supreme governing institutions, such as the High Commissioner and British courts, were established, which led to an increase in the Arab-Jewish conflict and the support of the Zionist movement to establish a Jewish state in Palestine. After the end of the British mandate in 1948, the Great Palestine War broke out, which led to the destruction and displacement of many Palestinians. The United Nations decided to divide Palestine into two states, one for Palestinians and one for Jews. Afterward, the so-called State of Israel was established in 1948, and the Palestinians rejected this decision, which led to a state of instability and permanent war in the region. Afterward, the West Bank came under Jordanian rule, and the Gaza Strip came under Egyptian rule and administration. As a result, there were several systems controlling and managing Palestinian affairs. Each period had its own legal system that allowed the president to exercise his legislative duties in exceptional circumstances. Exceptional circumstances are considered unusual situations that lead to the suspension or alteration of the regular constitutional system, requiring the adoption of exceptional policies and measures to deal with them. The legislative president must bear significant responsibility during these exceptional circumstances. He must form a working team that includes representatives from all concerned parties and enact new laws and legislation related to security and stability. These laws are then presented to the government and relevant authorities for implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to review the different legal systems that Palestine has undergone and the characteristics of each system during that era. The legislative role that the president plays in exceptional circumstances, whether in cases of necessity or emergency, should also be presented.
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