Title: Environmental And Biological Dynamics Of Pfas: Sources, Exposure Routes, And Health Implication - A Complihesive Review
Authors: Ampaire Wycliffe. , Twinomuhwezi Hannington., Kerebba Nasifu., Wanasolo William.
Volume: 9
Issue: 10
Pages: 99-111
Publication Date: 2025/10/28
Abstract:
This review explores the environmental and health impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a group of synthetic, persistent chemicals widely used in industrial and consumer products. The study examines PFAS sources, transport mechanisms, physicochemical properties, exposure pathways, and associated health effects on humans, animals, and plants. PFAS are highly resistant to degradation, bio-accumulative, and capable of long-range environmental transport. Human exposure occurs mainly through contaminated water, food, air, and consumer products, contributing to adverse outcomes such as liver toxicity, cancer, reproductive and developmental disorders. The review highlights regulatory frameworks, emerging remediation technologies, and advances in PFAS source apportionment and biodegradation research. It emphasizes the need for stricter regulations, improved analytical methods, and sustainable management strategies to mitigate PFAS contamination and protect public and ecosystem health.