Title: Enamel Hyperplasia Etiology, Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, And Treatment Methods
Authors: Ergashev Bekzod
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Pages: 99-103
Publication Date: 2025/06/28
Abstract:
Enamel hyperplasia is a developmental dental anomaly characterized by incomplete or defective formation of enamel, resulting in visible pits, grooves, or generalized thinning of enamel surfaces. This study aimed to investigate the etiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and effective treatment options for enamel hyperplasia in a sample of 112 patients aged 3 to 25 years. Through retrospective clinical record analysis, we identified multiple contributing factors including systemic illnesses during early childhood (42%), genetic predispositions (18%), fluoride overexposure (12%), and localized trauma or infection (21%). Clinically, enamel hyperplasia most frequently affected anterior permanent teeth, with manifestations ranging from minor defects to extensive enamel loss. Radiographic and microscopic analysis confirmed the compromised enamel structure. Treatment approaches were stratified by severity, ranging from preventive care and fluoride application in mild cases to composite restorations and full-coverage crowns for severe lesions. Statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between enamel severity and early systemic illnesses and fluoride exposure (p < 0.05). The discussion emphasizes the multifactorial origin of enamel hyperplasia and the need for individualized treatment plans, including long-term follow-up and aesthetic rehabilitation. Preventive strategies and patient education are critical for minimizing long-term damage and psychological impact, particularly in children. In conclusion, enamel hyperplasia is a complex condition that requires multidisciplinary management. Early diagnosis and tailored treatment protocols can effectively restore function and aesthetics, improving quality of life for affected individuals.